This study analyzes the contribution of water security to meeting food security and agricultural development requirements in Algeria by examining the state of water resources, the main policies and strategies adopted for their mobilization and valorization, and their role in supporting agricultural activity and food security. The study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach based on data and information relating to water resources and water and agricultural policies in Algeria. The findings indicate that Algeria has made significant efforts to strengthen water security through dam construction, expanded seawater desalination, water-network development, wastewater treatment, and policies supporting the agricultural sector. Nevertheless, limited water resources, irregular rainfall, the country's arid and semi-arid climate, and growing water demand remain major constraints to sustainable water security. The study concludes that strengthening food security and agricultural development in Algeria depends substantially on integrated and sustainable water-resource management and improved water-use efficiency, particularly in agriculture.