This study aims to identify the most important factors affecting wheat production in Algeria, which are linked to a range of natural and economic factors. Wheat is considered one of the most important strategic crops, but its local production faces challenges mainly related to climate fluctuations, limited water resources, and the uneven use of agricultural technologies. The amount of rainfall during the year is one of the most important determinants of wheat production, especially since a large part of wheat cultivation in Algeria depends on rainfall. Irregular rainfall during the year, along with drought and high temperatures during the germination and growth stages, negatively affect the yield. The area allocated to wheat also affects the total production volume; increasing the cultivated area, with the availability of suitable conditions, can lead to an increase in production, while reducing the area or converting it to other crops leads to a decrease in the quantity produced. Agricultural machinery helps in carrying out the processes of plowing, sowing, and harvesting in a timely manner and reducing production losses, but the limited availability of equipment or the high costs of using it may pose an obstacle for some producers.